Azure architect scenario based interview questions and answers

 https://k21academy.com/microsoft-azure/data-engineer/azure-data-lake/

1. Scenario: High Availability Architecture

   • Question: Design a high-availability architecture for a web application in Azure. Consider redundancy, load balancing, and failover mechanisms.
   • Answer: I would recommend deploying the application across multiple Availability Zones (if available) or regions for fault tolerance. Utilize Azure Load Balancer for distributing traffic, and configure Azure Traffic Manager for DNS-based global load balancing. Implement Azure Application Gateway for advanced load balancing features.

2. Scenario: Cost Optimization

   • Question: Your organization is looking to optimize costs in Azure. How would you design a cost-effective architecture without sacrificing performance?
   • Answer: I would leverage Azure Reserved Instances for predictable workloads, utilize Azure Virtual Machine (VM) auto-scaling for dynamic resource allocation, and implement Azure Cost Management and Billing for cost monitoring and forecasting.

3. Scenario: Disaster Recovery

   • Question: Design a disaster recovery plan for critical applications in Azure. Consider backup strategies, cross-region replication, and failover mechanisms.
   • Answer: I would implement regular automated backups using Azure Backup or services specific to each application. Azure Site Recovery would be configured for cross-region replication to ensure data redundancy. Azure Traffic Manager or Azure DNS can be used for DNS failover.

4. Scenario: Global Content Delivery

   • Question: Your organization wants to deliver content globally with low latency. How would you design a content delivery architecture using Azure services?
   • Answer: I would recommend using Azure Content Delivery Network (CDN) for distributing content globally. Additionally, deploy resources in multiple Azure regions, and leverage Azure Traffic Manager for DNS routing based on latency. Azure Blob Storage or Azure CDN endpoints can be used for storing static content.

5. Scenario: Microservices Architecture

   • Question: Design a microservices architecture on Azure. Consider service communication, data storage, and deployment strategies.
   • Answer: I would recommend using Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS) for container orchestration, Azure Cosmos DB or Azure SQL Database for data storage, and Azure Functions for serverless components. Implement Azure API Management for managing and securing microservices APIs, and use Azure Application Insights for monitoring.

6. Scenario: Hybrid Cloud

   • Question: Your organization has on-premises data centers and wants to extend its infrastructure to Azure. How would you design a hybrid cloud architecture?
   • Answer: I would recommend using Azure ExpressRoute or Azure VPN Gateway for secure connectivity between on-premises data centers and Azure. Implement Azure Blob Storage or Azure File Sync for seamless integration of on-premises storage with Azure services. Leverage Azure Virtual Network and Azure Active Directory for centralized network and identity management.

7. Scenario: Serverless Computing

   • Question: Design a serverless architecture for a data processing application in Azure. Consider Azure Functions, Azure Storage, and other relevant services.
   • Answer: I would use Azure Functions for event-driven processing, Azure Storage for storage, and Azure Cosmos DB for a serverless, globally distributed database. Azure Logic Apps could be used to orchestrate workflows, and Azure Monitor for monitoring and logging.

8. Scenario: Security Best Practices

   • Question: What security best practices would you implement to secure an Azure environment? Consider aspects like identity and access management, encryption, and network security.
   • Answer: I would implement strong identity and access controls using Azure Active Directory (AAD), encrypt data in transit and at rest using services like Azure Key Vault and SSL/TLS, configure Network Security Groups (NSGs) to control network traffic, enable Azure Policy for governance, and regularly conduct security assessments and vulnerability scans.